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TOEFL Directory > TOEFL writing > TOEFL Reading Class Unit 2_Passage 3_Question 23-33
TOEFL Reading Class Unit 2_Passage 3_Question 23-33
You have about 15 minutes to finish this passage.
First,use about 3-4 minutes to read the passage, try to understand the main idea of this passage.
Don't read it so slowly or try to remember all details.You need to do "fast reading",and "scan" the passage.
Second, read questions 1-11, and with questions you go back the passage again and look for correct answers.
Questions 23-33
Passage 3
Much of our knowledge of the earliest hunters and gatherers is found by excavating abandoned living sites. These groups of people favored lakeside camps or convenient rock overhangs for protection from predators and the weather, for availability of abundant water, and for access to herds of game and vegetable foods. Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania is renowned for its prehistoric sites, which include small lakeside locations used by early humans for a few days or weeks before they moved on in their constant search for game, vegetable foods, and fish.
Fortunately for archaeologists, the early hunters and gatherers abandoned food bones and tools where they dropped them. In Olduvai, the gently rising waters of a prehistoric lake slowly covered the bone caches and preserved them for posterity, with the tools lying where they had fallen. Other ancient people lived by the banks of large rivers. Their tools are found in profusion in the gravel of riverbeds that were subsequently jumbled and re-sorted by floodwater, leaving a confused mass of artifacts, rather than undisturbed floors of former dwellings for archaeologists to uncover.
Caves that were occupied more than half a million years ago were reoccupied again and again as people returned to the locations they preferred. Many natural caves and rock shelters contain deep deposits of artifacts, called "occupation layers,?that can be removed by meticulous excavation with a dental pick, trowel, and brush. The sequence of occupation layers can be uncovered almost undisturbed from the day of abandonment.
In contrast to the archaeological evidence left by hunters and gatherers, sites left by farmers were generally larger because farmers were tied to their herds and gardens and moved less often. Higher population densities and more lasting settlements left more conspicuous archaeological sites from later millennia of human history. In many areas, farming sites were occupied time after time over several thousand years, forming deep mounds of refuse, house foundations, and other debris from human habitation. These sites, known as "tells,?require large excavations and extensive earthmoving if anything is to be understood about how towns and settlements were laid out.
23. With which of the following is the passage mainly concerned?
a) Methods used by archaeologists to excavate occupation layers.
b) Why the study of ancient towns is more complex than the study of caves.
c) How the way of life of ancient farmers differed from that of hunters and gatherers.
d) The information provided about prehistoric people by the examination of abandoned living sites.
24. The earliest hunters and gatherers looked for living sites that had all of the following characteristics EXCEPT
a) plentiful food
b) land suitable for growing crops
c) a protected living space
d) access to water
25. Look at the word sites in the passage. Click on the word in the bold text that is similar in meaning.
These groups of people favored lakeside camps or convenient rock overhangs for protection from predators and the weather, for availability of abundant water, and for access to herds of game and vegetable foods. Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania is renowned for its prehistoric sites, which include small lakeside locations used by early humans for a few days or weeks before they moved on in their constant search for game, vegetable foods, and fish.
26. Look at the word they in the passage. Click on the word in the bold text that this word refers to.
Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania is renowned for its prehistoric sites, which include small lakeside locations used by early humans for a few days or weeks before they moved on in their constant search for game, vegetable foods, and fish.
27. The word constant in the passage is closest in meaning to
a) continued
b) careful
c) successful
d) difficult
28. It can be inferred from the passage that Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania differs from other prehistoric sites because it has
a) undisturbed deposits of artifacts
b) an abundance of predators
c) no evidence of human habitation
d) access to lake water
29. It is significant that food bones and tools in Olduvai were abandoned where they were dropped because they
a) provide accurate information about the people who used them
b) have been preserved and sold to collectors of artifacts
c) are buried under huge quantities of earth
d) have been changed dramatically by the forces of nature
30. Look at the word jumbled in the passage. Click on the word in the bold text that is similar in meaning.
Fortunately for archaeologists, the early hunters and gatherers abandoned food bones and tools where they dropped them. In Olduvai, the gently rising waters of a prehistoric lake slowly covered the bone caches and preserved them for posterity, with the tools lying where they had fallen. Other ancient people lived by the banks of large rivers. Their tools are found in profusion in the gravel of riverbeds that were subsequently jumbled and re-sorted by floodwater, leaving a confused mass of artifacts, rather than undisturbed floors of former dwellings for archaeologists to uncover.
31. The word sequence in the passage is closest in meaning to
a) variation
b) succession
c) technique
d) situation
32. The passage supports all of the following statements about archaeological sites in caves EXCEPT:
a) The layers of deposits were left by groups of people from different historical periods.
b) Floor deposits in caves can provide accurate information about the former occupants.
c) Caves yield few artifacts because few people lived in them.
d) Excavations of caves must be done with great care.
33. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?
a) Caches
b) Trowel
c) Millennia
d) Tells
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