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TOEFL Directory > TOEFL writing > TOEFL Reading Class Unit 2_Passage 25_Question 265-275
TOEFL Reading Class Unit 2_Passage 25_Question 265-275
You have about 15 minutes to finish this passage.
First,use about 3-4 minutes to read the passage, try to understand the main idea of this passage.
Don't read it so slowly or try to remember all details.You need to do "fast reading",and "scan" the passage.
Second, read questions 1-11, and with questions you go back the passage again and look for correct answers.
Question 265-275
Passge 25
Although glasswares that were made in England dominated the early North American market, glassblowers from Great Britain were not easily persuaded to go to the North American colonies. The eighteenth century was the golden age of English glass: the industry and its employees prospered. Glassmakers were discouraged from emigrating because if English-quality glass were produced in the colonies the home industry would have been threatened. In one instance, five English glassmakers were arrested in England as they boarded a ship for America.
In spite of England's disapproval of American manufacturing, an interest in glassmaking recurred periodically during the entire colonial era. The actual number of glass factories erected was small, only twelve or so, probably because the manufacturing of glass required a considerable initial investment in a large facility and a team of skilled workers. Glasshouses, as the glassmaking factories were called, could not be erected any where. Rather, sites had to be carefully selected on the basis of the availability of fuel and raw materials of very specific properties. The financial and technical considerations of glassmaking were such that most of the colonial glass factories lasted only a short time.
The colony of Pennsylvania was chosen as a site to make glass by several glass manufacturers. One glassworks was built there in the seventeenth century; at least six followed in the eighteenth. Pennsylvania's first glasshouse was conceived in 1682 as part of the economic plan of the settlement of Philadelphia. For this undertaking an English window maker from England was hired. Four other English glassmakers agreed to accompany him. The founders of the settlement envisioned a glass factory not only to supply the demands for window and table glass within the colony, but also to provide goods for commercial trade.
265. What does the passage mainly discuss?
a) Glassmaking in colonial America
b) Effects of immigration on colonial American industry
c) The use of glass products in colonial America
d) Competition among glassmakers in colonial Pennsylvania
266. According to the passage, why were most glassblowers unwilling to move to the American colonies?
a) The need for glass products in the colonies was declining.
b) The glassblowing industry was highly successful in England.
c) The colonies did not have the necessary raw materials to make glass.
d) The colonists required a different kind of glass than the English made.
267. It can be inferred from the passage that England did not want America to manufacture glass for which of the following reasons?
a) The demand for English glass in the colonies would decrease.
b) American glassmakers would use up the raw materials needed for making glass.
c) Skilled American glassblowers would stay in America rather than coming to England.
d) England wanted to avoid the responsibility of supervising American glass factories.
268. The word recurred in the passage is closest in meaning to
a) stopped
b) reappeared
c) invested
d) lessened
269. The word Rather in the passage is closest in meaning to
a) preferably
b) somewhat
c) instead
d) however
270. All of the following are mentioned as being required for the manufacture of glass EXCEPT
a) nearby transportation
b) availability of materials
c) investment in a facility
d) skilled labor
271. The author indicates that the financial and technical considerations of colonial glassmaking resulted in
a) a highly profitable and stable industry
b) technical advances in colonial glassmaking
c) the failure of many glass factories
d) many sites being appropriate for glassmaking
272. The phrase at least in the passage is closest in meaning to
a) in addition
b) no more than
c) at the end
d) at the minimum
273. The phrase this undertaking in the passage refers to
a) creating the colony of Pennsylvania
b) establishing Pennsylvania's first glasshouse
c) establishing six glasshouses in the eighteenth century
d) supplying the demands for glassmakers within the colony
274. The word accompany in the passage is closest in meaning to
a) visit
b) precede
c) join
d) supply
275. What is the purpose of paragraph 3 ?
a) To describe the glassmaking process
b) To summarize the economic role that glassmaking played in colonial America
c) To compare glassmaking in different parts of colonial America
d) To give an example of a site of early American glass manufacturing
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